Blood coagulation is the process by which blood clots to prevent excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. This complex process involves a series of proteins and enzymes that form a mesh-like structure to stop the bleeding. Dysregulation of blood coagulation can result in either excessive bleeding (hemorrhage) or inappropriate clot formation (thrombosis), both of which can have serious health consequences. Research in this area aims to understand the mechanisms of blood coagulation, identify potential therapeutic targets for clotting disorders, and develop improved treatments for clot-related diseases such as heart attacks and strokes.